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A. When the penultimate-hop LSR performs label switching, if it finds that the label value after the switching is 3, then it pops out the label and sends the packet to the last hop.

B. The label space 1024 and higher is shared by dynamic signaling protocols, such as LDP, RSVP-TE, and MP-BGP.

C. When the last hop receives packets with the label control 0, it directly performs IP forwarding or forwards the packets based on the next-layer label.

D. The label space 16-1023 is shared by static LSPs and static CR-LSPs.

A. FALSE

B. TRUE

A. FALSE

B. TRUE

A. On a traditional IP network, optimal paths are calculated based on the IGP metrics.

B. Traditional IP forwarding uses hop-by-hop forwarding.

C. A traditional IP network cannot provide a good QoS guarantee.

D. All the routers on a traditional IP network need to know routes on the entire network or default routes.

E. The traditional IP forwarding is connection-oriented and has low efficiency.

A. Common IP forwarding

B. ATM forwarding

C. Single-label MPLS forwarding

D. Multi-label MPLS forwarding

A. FALSE

B. TRUE

A. 0

B. 100

C. 150

D. 200

A. Trusted zone

B. Untrusted zone

C. Security zone

D. DMZ

A. The packet filtering firewall checks each data packet against ACL rules.

B. The proxy firewall processes services of users on internal and external networks.

C. The security policies in two directions need to be configured on the stateful inspection firewall.

D. The stateful inspection firewall uses security policies to check only the first packet of non-matched sessions.

A. The DHCP client only needs to broadcast a DHCP Request packet containing the IP address obtained last time, but does not need to send a DHCP Discover packet again.

B. The DI-ICP client broadcasts a DHCP Discover packet. The DHCP server replies to the packet.

C. After receiving the DHCP Request packet, the DHCP server returns a DHCP ACK packet if the requested IP address is not allocated to another client.

D. After receiving the DHCP Discover packet, the DHCP server sends a DHCP Offer packet containing the leased IP address and other settings to the DHCP client.

A. Application layer

B. Network layer

C. Physical layer

D. Link layer

A. The Agile Controller integrates all functions of the RADIUS server and client.

B. The authentication device (such as a 802.1X switch as the RADIUS server, while the user terminal as the RADIUS client.

C. The Agile Controller as the RADIUS server, while the user terminal as the RADIUS client.

D. The Agile Controller as the RADIUS server, while the authentication device (such as a 802.1X switch) as the RADIUS client.